← Integrated Science / 2 Living Things and the Environment
2.3 Reproduction in plants
Integrated Science · Grade 9 · 20 lessons in the design
What this covers
- Functions of the parts of a flower.
- Pollination: its meaning and its types.
- Adaptations of flowers to wind and to insect pollination.
- Fertilisation, seed and fruit formation in flowering plants.
- Fruit and seed dispersal in plants: the modes and their importance.
What you will be able to do
- outline the functions of the parts of a flower
- describe pollination in plants
- outline the adaptations of flowers to wind and insect pollination
- explain fertilisation and fruit formation in flowering plants
- categorise fruits and seeds based on their mode of dispersal
- recognise the role of flowers in nature
Key questions
“How does reproduction in plants occur?”
Lessons
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The parts of a flower
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizFour whorls, working from the outside in: sepals, petals, stamens and carpel.
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Calyx and corolla
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizThe green guard and the bright advertisement.
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The stamen
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizAn anther that makes pollen, on a filament that holds it out.
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The carpel
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizStigma, style and ovary, and the ovules that become seeds.
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Studying a real flower
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizTaking a flower apart, one whorl at a time, and drawing what is there.
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Pollination: self and cross
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizMoving pollen from anther to stigma, within one flower or between two.
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Agents of pollination
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizInsects, wind, birds and water: who actually carries the pollen.
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Adaptations to wind pollination
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizNo colour, no scent, no nectar: everything given over to catching moving air.
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Adaptations to insect pollination
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizAdvertise, reward, and make the visitor carry pollen away.
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Comparing the two kinds of flower
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizSix features, and every one of them follows from who carries the pollen.
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Agrochemicals and pollinators
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizWhat happens to the harvest when the insects that pollinate it are killed.
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Fertilisation
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizThe pollen tube grows down the style, and two nuclei fuse.
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From flower to seed
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizFive pairs that answer most of the questions on this topic.
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Fruit formation
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizThe petals fall, the ovary swells, and a fruit takes shape.
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The structure of a seed
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizA coat, a food store, and a very small plant already formed.
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Why seeds are dispersed
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizA seed that falls at its parent's foot is competing with its parent.
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Dispersal by wind
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizWings, parachutes and pepper pots: three ways of using moving air.
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Dispersal by animals
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizHitch a ride on the outside, or pay for one with fruit.
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Dispersal by water and by explosion
40 min · 1 practice tasks · quizOne rides the current; the other supplies its own throw.
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Reproduction in plants: the whole story
40 min · 2 practice tasks · quizFlower, pollination, fertilisation, seed and fruit, dispersal — and why flowers matter.